{"id":384451,"date":"2026-08-24T21:24:25","date_gmt":"2026-08-24T21:24:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/afrikmag.com\/var\/www\/vhosts\/afrikmag.compublic_html\/?p=384451"},"modified":"2026-08-24T21:24:25","modified_gmt":"2026-08-24T21:24:25","slug":"france-mohammed-ben-salmane-partenaire-cle-paris","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/afrikmag.com\/var\/www\/vhosts\/afrikmag.compublic_html\/france-mohammed-ben-salmane-partenaire-cle-paris\/","title":{"rendered":"France : pourquoi Mohammed ben Salmane est redevenu un partenaire cl\u00e9"},"content":{"rendered":"

Mohammed ben Salmane est de retour \u00e0 Paris avec tous les honneurs d\u2019une visite officielle. Le prince h\u00e9ritier saoudien, longtemps tenu \u00e0 distance apr\u00e8s l\u2019assassinat du journaliste Jamal Khashoggi, est d\u00e9sormais pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 comme un partenaire strat\u00e9gique de la France.<\/p>\n

Emmanuel Macron le re\u00e7oit les 23 et 24 ao\u00fbt pour une s\u00e9quence consacr\u00e9e aux crises du Moyen-Orient, aux contrats \u00e9conomiques et au renforcement des liens entre Paris et Riyad. Cette visite illustre un changement spectaculaire dans la mani\u00e8re dont la diplomatie fran\u00e7aise traite celui que l\u2019on surnomme \u00ab MBS \u00bb.<\/p>\n

Une visite officielle au programme tr\u00e8s charg\u00e9<\/h2>\n

La visite a d\u00e9but\u00e9 dimanche \u00e0 Paris lors de la c\u00e9r\u00e9monie de cl\u00f4ture de l\u2019Esports World Cup. Le pr\u00e9sident fran\u00e7ais et le dirigeant saoudien ont assist\u00e9 ensemble \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9v\u00e9nement, organis\u00e9 pour la premi\u00e8re fois hors d\u2019Arabie saoudite.<\/p>\n

Le lundi doit \u00eatre consacr\u00e9 aux discussions politiques et \u00e9conomiques. Les deux dirigeants pr\u00e9sident la premi\u00e8re r\u00e9union du Conseil de partenariat strat\u00e9gique franco-saoudien, cr\u00e9\u00e9 apr\u00e8s la visite d\u2019Emmanuel Macron \u00e0 Riyad en d\u00e9cembre 2024.<\/p>\n

Plusieurs accords sont attendus dans les transports, l\u2019\u00e9nergie, la sant\u00e9, l\u2019a\u00e9ronautique et d\u2019autres secteurs. Paris cherche aussi \u00e0 placer davantage d\u2019entreprises fran\u00e7aises sur les grands projets de la \u00ab Vision 2030 \u00bb, le programme lanc\u00e9 pour diversifier l\u2019\u00e9conomie saoudienne et r\u00e9duire sa d\u00e9pendance au p\u00e9trole.<\/p>\n

De l\u2019isolement diplomatique au retour en gr\u00e2ce<\/h2>\n

Ce rapprochement aurait \u00e9t\u00e9 difficile \u00e0 imaginer il y a quelques ann\u00e9es. En octobre 2018, Jamal Khashoggi a \u00e9t\u00e9 tu\u00e9 dans le consulat saoudien d\u2019Istanbul. En 2021, les services de renseignement am\u00e9ricains ont estim\u00e9 que Mohammed ben Salmane avait approuv\u00e9 une op\u00e9ration visant \u00e0 capturer ou tuer le journaliste. Le prince h\u00e9ritier a toujours ni\u00e9 avoir ordonn\u00e9 son assassinat.<\/p>\n

L\u2019affaire avait transform\u00e9 MBS en dirigeant embarrassant pour plusieurs capitales occidentales. L\u2019Arabie saoudite avait ensuite annonc\u00e9 la condamnation de cinq personnes dans le dossier Khashoggi<\/a>, sans faire dispara\u00eetre les critiques sur les responsabilit\u00e9s au sommet du royaume.<\/p>\n

La France a pourtant renou\u00e9 assez t\u00f4t avec lui. Emmanuel Macron s\u2019est rendu \u00e0 Djeddah en d\u00e9cembre 2021. MBS a \u00e9t\u00e9 re\u00e7u \u00e0 Paris en juillet 2022, malgr\u00e9 la col\u00e8re des organisations de d\u00e9fense des droits humains. Quatre ans plus tard, la relation n\u2019est plus seulement assum\u00e9e. Elle est institutionnalis\u00e9e.<\/p>\n

Pourquoi Paris estime avoir besoin de Riyad<\/h2>\n

Le poids \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique de l\u2019Arabie saoudite a beaucoup compt\u00e9 dans ce retour. Apr\u00e8s le d\u00e9clenchement de la guerre en Ukraine, les pays europ\u00e9ens ont cherch\u00e9 \u00e0 r\u00e9duire leur d\u00e9pendance envers la Russie. Riyad, acteur majeur du march\u00e9 p\u00e9trolier, est alors redevenu un interlocuteur difficile \u00e0 contourner.<\/p>\n

Les int\u00e9r\u00eats \u00e9conomiques d\u00e9passent le p\u00e9trole. La \u00ab Vision 2030 \u00bb mobilise des investissements consid\u00e9rables dans les infrastructures, le tourisme, la d\u00e9fense, l\u2019intelligence artificielle, le jeu vid\u00e9o et les nouvelles technologies. Les entreprises fran\u00e7aises veulent participer \u00e0 ces projets, tandis que Paris esp\u00e8re attirer davantage de capitaux saoudiens.<\/p>\n

Le pouvoir saoudien met aussi en avant des changements sociaux. Le royaume a rouvert les cin\u00e9mas et autoris\u00e9 les femmes \u00e0 conduire<\/a>. Ces r\u00e9formes coexistent cependant avec une forte concentration du pouvoir et une r\u00e9pression r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement d\u00e9nonc\u00e9e par des ONG.<\/p>\n

Le Moyen-Orient au centre des discussions<\/h2>\n

Mohammed ben Salmane est aussi devenu un acteur diplomatique majeur. L\u2019Arabie saoudite entretient des relations avec Washington, P\u00e9kin et Moscou, tout en d\u00e9fendant une plus grande autonomie. Cette capacit\u00e9 \u00e0 parler \u00e0 plusieurs puissances augmente son poids dans les crises r\u00e9gionales.<\/p>\n

\u00c0 Paris, les discussions doivent porter sur Gaza et la solution \u00e0 deux \u00c9tats, le Liban, la Syrie, l\u2019Iran et la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 des routes \u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques. La France veut maintenir son influence au Moyen-Orient et compte sur les pays du Golfe pour soutenir ses initiatives.<\/p>\n

Cette strat\u00e9gie continue de susciter des critiques. Des syndicats de journalistes fran\u00e7ais ont d\u00e9nonc\u00e9 la visite, rappelant qu\u2019une plainte li\u00e9e \u00e0 l\u2019assassinat de Jamal Khashoggi reste en cours d\u2019instruction en France. Pour l\u2019\u00c9lys\u00e9e, les int\u00e9r\u00eats diplomatiques et \u00e9conomiques justifient n\u00e9anmoins un dialogue direct avec Riyad.<\/p>\n

Le retour de MBS \u00e0 Paris r\u00e9sume donc le choix fran\u00e7ais. Les d\u00e9saccords sur les droits humains n\u2019ont pas disparu, mais ils ne suffisent plus \u00e0 tenir le prince h\u00e9ritier \u00e0 distance. L\u2019Arabie saoudite est devenue trop influente, trop riche et trop pr\u00e9sente dans les dossiers r\u00e9gionaux pour \u00eatre ignor\u00e9e.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mohammed ben Salmane retrouve les honneurs \u00e0 Paris. \u00c9conomie, \u00e9nergie et diplomatie expliquent son retour en gr\u00e2ce aupr\u00e8s de la France.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":46,"featured_media":384453,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[189118,108,195117,197],"tags":[3726,8324,8752,166597],"class_list":["post-384451","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-a-la-une","category-france","category-international","category-politique","tag-arabie-saoudite","tag-emmanuel-macron","tag-france","tag-mohammed-ben-salmane"],"yoast_head":"\nFrance : pourquoi Mohammed ben Salmane redevient incontournable<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Mohammed ben Salmane est re\u00e7u \u00e0 Paris pour renforcer les liens entre la France et l\u2019Arabie saoudite. 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