{"id":384210,"date":"2026-08-17T12:00:18","date_gmt":"2026-08-17T12:00:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/afrikmag.com\/var\/www\/vhosts\/afrikmag.compublic_html\/?p=384210"},"modified":"2026-08-17T12:00:18","modified_gmt":"2026-08-17T12:00:18","slug":"afrique-du-sud-sadc-tensions-migratoires","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/afrikmag.com\/var\/www\/vhosts\/afrikmag.compublic_html\/afrique-du-sud-sadc-tensions-migratoires\/","title":{"rendered":"Afrique du Sud : la SADC se r\u00e9unit sur fond de tensions migratoires"},"content":{"rendered":"

L\u2019Afrique du Sud accueille ce lundi 17 ao\u00fbt \u00e0 Durban le 46e sommet ordinaire de la Communaut\u00e9 de d\u00e9veloppement de l\u2019Afrique australe (SADC). Les dirigeants des 16 \u00c9tats membres doivent parler d\u2019\u00e9conomie, de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 alimentaire et de stabilit\u00e9 r\u00e9gionale. Mais la pression migratoire et la mont\u00e9e des discours hostiles aux \u00e9trangers s\u2019imposent aussi dans les \u00e9changes.<\/p>\n

Le pr\u00e9sident Cyril Ramaphosa prend officiellement la t\u00eate de l\u2019organisation pour un an. Quelques jours avant la r\u00e9union, il a reconnu que les mauvais traitements inflig\u00e9s \u00e0 des ressortissants \u00e9trangers avaient terni l\u2019image de son pays. Son message vise directement les tensions qui ont touch\u00e9 plusieurs communaut\u00e9s venues du Zimbabwe, du Malawi et de la R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo.<\/p>\n

Ramaphosa place la migration au centre du d\u00e9bat<\/h2>\n

Lors d\u2019une conf\u00e9rence publique organis\u00e9e le 14 ao\u00fbt \u00e0 l\u2019Universit\u00e9 du KwaZulu-Natal, Cyril Ramaphosa a appel\u00e9 les pays de la r\u00e9gion \u00e0 agir sur les causes profondes des d\u00e9placements. Il a cit\u00e9 les conflits, l\u2019instabilit\u00e9, la pauvret\u00e9, les d\u00e9faillances de gouvernance et le manque de perspectives \u00e9conomiques.<\/p>\n

Le chef de l\u2019\u00c9tat sud-africain souhaite une r\u00e9gion dans laquelle les populations se d\u00e9placent par choix et non par d\u00e9sespoir. Il a aussi condamn\u00e9 la discrimination et les intimidations visant les \u00e9trangers. \u00ab Nous ne pouvons pas pr\u00eacher l\u2019int\u00e9gration lors des sommets et pratiquer l\u2019exclusion dans nos rues \u00bb, a-t-il d\u00e9clar\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Cette prise de position intervient apr\u00e8s plusieurs mois tendus. En juin, des manifestations contre les sans-papiers ont secou\u00e9 plusieurs villes. Des groupes ont cibl\u00e9 des commerces et des quartiers o\u00f9 vivent des migrants. Le Parlement panafricain avait d\u00e9j\u00e0 condamn\u00e9 ces violences x\u00e9nophobes<\/a> et demand\u00e9 une r\u00e9action ferme des autorit\u00e9s.<\/p>\n

Des expulsions massives qui inqui\u00e8tent les voisins<\/h2>\n

Le gouvernement sud-africain a renforc\u00e9 les contr\u00f4les, les expulsions et les op\u00e9rations de rapatriement. Environ 90 000 personnes auraient quitt\u00e9 le pays au cours des trois derniers mois. Pretoria d\u00e9fend une politique qui combine le respect des lois migratoires, la s\u00e9curisation des fronti\u00e8res et une coop\u00e9ration plus \u00e9troite avec les pays d\u2019origine.<\/p>\n

La question reste explosive. Le Zimbabwe, le Malawi et la RDC comptent de nombreux ressortissants en Afrique du Sud. Ces \u00c9tats surveillent les op\u00e9rations men\u00e9es sur le terrain et la mani\u00e8re dont leurs citoyens sont trait\u00e9s. Cyril Ramaphosa avait d\u00e9j\u00e0 annonc\u00e9 un plan pour reprendre le contr\u00f4le de la migration<\/a>, avec davantage de contr\u00f4les et une r\u00e9vision de certaines r\u00e8gles.<\/p>\n

Le sommet offre donc aux dirigeants une occasion de chercher une r\u00e9ponse commune. Une politique uniquement fond\u00e9e sur les expulsions ne r\u00e9sout pas les causes \u00e9conomiques et s\u00e9curitaires qui poussent des milliers de personnes \u00e0 traverser les fronti\u00e8res.<\/p>\n

La RDC, Madagascar et la Zambie \u00e9galement au programme<\/h2>\n

Les chefs d\u2019\u00c9tat doivent aussi examiner la situation dans l\u2019est de la RDC, o\u00f9 l\u2019ins\u00e9curit\u00e9 reste forte et o\u00f9 une \u00e9pid\u00e9mie d\u2019Ebola progresse. La transition politique \u00e0 Madagascar figure \u00e9galement parmi les dossiers suivis. L\u2019Afrique du Sud assurait d\u00e9j\u00e0 la pr\u00e9sidence de la SADC par int\u00e9rim depuis le retrait de Madagascar \u00e0 la fin de 2025.<\/p>\n

La Zambie retient aussi l\u2019attention apr\u00e8s ses \u00e9lections g\u00e9n\u00e9rales. Les observateurs de la SADC ont exprim\u00e9 des pr\u00e9occupations sur certains aspects du scrutin, alors que la publication des r\u00e9sultats se poursuit circonscription par circonscription.<\/p>\n

Un sommet \u00e9conomique rattrap\u00e9 par les tensions sociales<\/h2>\n

Le th\u00e8me officiel de la r\u00e9union porte sur une industrialisation r\u00e9siliente, durable et inclusive. Les infrastructures, la transformation agricole et la valorisation des min\u00e9raux critiques doivent occuper une place importante. Les dirigeants examineront \u00e9galement la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 alimentaire, la pr\u00e9paration aux catastrophes et le financement des projets r\u00e9gionaux.<\/p>\n

Pour Cyril Ramaphosa, l\u2019enjeu d\u00e9passe les d\u00e9clarations diplomatiques. L\u2019Afrique du Sud doit convaincre ses voisins qu\u2019elle peut d\u00e9fendre l\u2019int\u00e9gration r\u00e9gionale tout en prot\u00e9geant les migrants pr\u00e9sents sur son sol. La mani\u00e8re dont le sommet abordera la x\u00e9nophobie sera donc suivie de pr\u00e8s, bien au-del\u00e0 de Durban.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le sommet de la SADC s\u2019ouvre \u00e0 Durban sur fond de tensions migratoires. Cyril Ramaphosa appelle la r\u00e9gion \u00e0 agir contre la x\u00e9nophobie.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":46,"featured_media":384211,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[189118,47,195004,197],"tags":[101,76529,5396,8218,204480],"class_list":["post-384210","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-a-la-une","category-afrique","category-afrique-du-sud","category-politique","tag-afrique-du-sud","tag-cyril-ramaphosa","tag-migration","tag-sommet","tag-xenophobie-en-afrique-du-sud"],"yoast_head":"\nAfrique du Sud : la SADC face aux tensions migratoires<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u00c0 Durban, le sommet de la SADC aborde les migrations, la x\u00e9nophobie, la RDC et les priorit\u00e9s \u00e9conomiques de l\u2019Afrique australe.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, 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