{"id":383096,"date":"2026-07-10T13:09:00","date_gmt":"2026-07-10T13:09:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/afrikmag.com\/var\/www\/vhosts\/afrikmag.compublic_html\/?p=383096"},"modified":"2026-07-10T13:09:00","modified_gmt":"2026-07-10T13:09:00","slug":"xenophobie-lafrique-du-sud-risque-une-perte-de-43-milliards-de-dollars-de-son-pib","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/afrikmag.com\/var\/www\/vhosts\/afrikmag.compublic_html\/xenophobie-lafrique-du-sud-risque-une-perte-de-43-milliards-de-dollars-de-son-pib\/","title":{"rendered":"X\u00e9nophobie : L\u2019Afrique du Sud risque une perte de 43 milliards de dollars de son PIB"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Les \u00e9conomistes mettent en garde contre de graves r\u00e9percussions macro\u00e9conomiques, soulignant qu’un d\u00e9part massif de ressortissants \u00e9trangers d’Afrique du Sud risque de paralyser des march\u00e9s du travail cl\u00e9s et les \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes commerciaux locaux que les manifestants pr\u00e9tendent vouloir prot\u00e9ger.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

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La frustration croissante de la population face au ch\u00f4mage structurel, aux taux de criminalit\u00e9 \u00e9lev\u00e9s et \u00e0 la stagnation de la croissance int\u00e9rieure a d\u00e9clench\u00e9 une vague de manifestations anti-migrants intenses \u00e0 travers l’Afrique du Sud.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Toutefois, la perte potentielle de cette main-d’\u0153uvre demeure une pr\u00e9occupation majeure pour les perspectives financi\u00e8res du pays.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Alors que le ressentiment populaire s’accumule depuis des mois, comme en t\u00e9moigne la grande\u00a0<\/span>marche nationale tr\u00e8s synchronis\u00e9e du 30 juin<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0, la menace imminente de troubles civils a d\u00e9j\u00e0 pouss\u00e9 des milliers de migrants africains \u00e0 fuir l’Afrique du Sud.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n
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Les donn\u00e9es officielles du gouvernement r\u00e9v\u00e8lent que plus de 60 000 migrants sont retourn\u00e9s au Zimbabwe voisin, plus de 38 000 citoyens sont rentr\u00e9s au Malawi et des centaines de Nig\u00e9rians ont \u00e9galement \u00e9t\u00e9 rapatri\u00e9s.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Pour ceux qui ont choisi de rester, la situation est devenue de plus en plus instable, les ressortissants \u00e9trangers restants ayant, selon certaines informations, fait l’objet d’expulsions agressives, porte \u00e0 porte, jeudi, men\u00e9es par des groupes communautaires locaux, faisant \u00e9cho \u00e0 des expulsions forc\u00e9es similaires document\u00e9es la veille.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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L’impact multimilliardaire des migrations<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n
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Les analystes financiers pr\u00e9viennent qu’un d\u00e9part de cette ampleur pourrait provoquer des chocs imm\u00e9diats sur le march\u00e9 du travail dans tous les secteurs fortement d\u00e9pendants des travailleurs immigr\u00e9s.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Les principaux secteurs concern\u00e9s par cette situation incertaine comprennent l’agriculture commerciale, la construction r\u00e9sidentielle, l’h\u00f4tellerie, la logistique, le commerce de d\u00e9tail et le vaste r\u00e9seau commercial informel du pays.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n
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Les donn\u00e9es d\u00e9mographiques des Nations Unies indiquent qu’environ 2,6 millions de migrants r\u00e9sident en Afrique du Sud, soit environ 5 % de la population totale.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Des recherches conjointes ant\u00e9rieures men\u00e9es par l’OCDE et l’Organisation internationale du travail estimaient que les travailleurs migrants contribuent \u00e0 hauteur d’environ 9 % au produit int\u00e9rieur brut de l’Afrique du Sud.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Appliqu\u00e9e aux projections \u00e9conomiques actuelles du FMI, qui \u00e9valuent le PIB national de l’Afrique du Sud \u00e0 environ 480 milliards de dollars am\u00e9ricains, cette base de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence de 9 % repr\u00e9sente environ 43,2 milliards de dollars.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Surtout, les analystes soulignent que, comme une part immense de la main-d’\u0153uvre migrante op\u00e8re sur des march\u00e9s informels non d\u00e9clar\u00e9s et bas\u00e9s sur les transactions en esp\u00e8ces, sa contribution \u00e9conomique r\u00e9elle est probablement bien plus \u00e9lev\u00e9e aujourd’hui.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Fragilit\u00e9 \u00e9conomique en Afrique du Sud<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n
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La campagne anti-migrants actuelle survient \u00e0 un moment o\u00f9\u00a0<\/span>l’\u00e9conomie sud-africaine<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0est particuli\u00e8rement fragile.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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La Banque mondiale maintient ses pr\u00e9visions de croissance \u00e9conomique \u00e0 environ 1,0 % pour le pays, tandis que les donn\u00e9es officielles nationales r\u00e9v\u00e8lent que pr\u00e8s d’un citoyen sur trois, soit environ 8,1 millions de personnes, reste au ch\u00f4mage.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Alors que les manifestants anti-immigration accusent souvent les ressortissants \u00e9trangers d’\u00eatre responsables de la raret\u00e9 des emplois disponibles, des analyses \u00e9conomiques plus larges sugg\u00e8rent le contraire.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

\u00ab De nombreux ressortissants \u00e9trangers cr\u00e9ent des entreprises qui emploient des Sud-Africains et cr\u00e9ent de la concurrence, ce qui est bon pour les consommateurs \u00bb, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 \u00e0\u00a0<\/span>Reuters<\/span>\u00a0Mpho Lenoke, ma\u00eetre de conf\u00e9rences en \u00e9conomie sur le campus de Mahikeng de l’Universit\u00e9 du Nord-Ouest en Afrique du Sud .<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

De plus, les donn\u00e9es des Nations Unies sugg\u00e8rent qu’une participation accrue des migrants au march\u00e9 du travail est corr\u00e9l\u00e9e \u00e0 une augmentation nette globale des possibilit\u00e9s d’emploi pour les citoyens n\u00e9s dans le pays.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Les \u00e9conomistes avertissent que, loin de lib\u00e9rer des emplois pour les travailleurs locaux, un d\u00e9part forc\u00e9 et rapide des migrants pourrait laisser des r\u00e9coltes agricoles commerciales non r\u00e9colt\u00e9es, paralyser les projets d’infrastructures urbaines et r\u00e9duire fortement les d\u00e9penses de consommation nationales.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Les \u00e9conomistes mettent en garde contre de graves r\u00e9percussions macro\u00e9conomiques, soulignant qu’un d\u00e9part massif de ressortissants \u00e9trangers d’Afrique du Sud risque de paralyser des march\u00e9s du travail cl\u00e9s et les \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes commerciaux locaux que les manifestants pr\u00e9tendent vouloir prot\u00e9ger. La frustration croissante de la population face au ch\u00f4mage structurel, aux taux de criminalit\u00e9 \u00e9lev\u00e9s et …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":45,"featured_media":382870,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[189118,47,197],"tags":[101,204546,204547,5412],"class_list":["post-383096","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-a-la-une","category-afrique","category-politique","tag-afrique-du-sud","tag-manifestations-anti-migrants","tag-perte-de-43-milliards-usd","tag-xenophobie"],"yoast_head":"\nX\u00e9nophobie : L\u2019Afrique du Sud risque une perte de 43 milliards de dollars de son PIB<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"X\u00e9nophobie : L\u2019Afrique du Sud risque une perte de 43 milliards de dollars de son PIB\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, 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