{"id":379771,"date":"2026-03-22T22:38:15","date_gmt":"2026-03-22T22:38:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/afrikmag.com\/var\/www\/vhosts\/afrikmag.compublic_html\/?p=379771"},"modified":"2026-03-22T22:38:15","modified_gmt":"2026-03-22T22:38:15","slug":"un-geant-minier-chinois-accuse-davoir-empoisonne-le-congo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/afrikmag.com\/var\/www\/vhosts\/afrikmag.compublic_html\/un-geant-minier-chinois-accuse-davoir-empoisonne-le-congo\/","title":{"rendered":"Un g\u00e9ant minier chinois accus\u00e9 d’avoir empoisonn\u00e9 le Congo"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Un g\u00e9ant minier chinois est accus\u00e9 de polluer des communaut\u00e9s en R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo, pla\u00e7ant ainsi l’une des exploitations de cobalt les plus strat\u00e9giques d’Afrique au centre d’une controverse mondiale croissante li\u00e9e \u00e0 de grands constructeurs automobiles tels que BMW, Mercedes-Benz, Peugeot et Volkswagen.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Le rapport, intitul\u00e9\u00a0<\/span>Transition toxique<\/span><\/em>\u00a0, all\u00e8gue qu’une exploitation de cobalt \u00e0 grande \u00e9chelle dans le sud de la R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo expose les communaut\u00e9s voisines \u00e0 des \u00e9missions dangereuses, entra\u00eenant maladies et d\u00e9placements de population.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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La mine de Tenke Fungurume, appartenant au groupe chinois CMOC, figure parmi les principales sources mondiales de cobalt, un min\u00e9ral essentiel utilis\u00e9 dans les batteries lithium-ion pour v\u00e9hicules \u00e9lectriques, smartphones et stockage d’\u00e9nergie renouvelable.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Selon les organismes de surveillance environnementale, les activit\u00e9s du site contaminent les zones environnantes et d\u00e9placent des milliers de personnes, alors m\u00eame que sa production alimente des cha\u00eenes d’approvisionnement mondiales li\u00e9es \u00e0 certains des plus grands constructeurs automobiles du monde.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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\u00ab La crise sanitaire est bien r\u00e9elle \u00bb, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 Alexander von Bismarck, directeur ex\u00e9cutif de l\u2019Agence d\u2019enqu\u00eate environnementale (EIA).<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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\u00ab Des professionnels de la sant\u00e9 ind\u00e9pendants affirment que le lien avec la mine est tr\u00e8s probable, et nos propres mesures ind\u00e9pendantes montrent que la qualit\u00e9 de l’air dans les communaut\u00e9s voisines a r\u00e9cemment d\u00e9pass\u00e9 les normes de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 internationales. \u00bb<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Les communaut\u00e9s au c\u0153ur du d\u00e9bat sur la cha\u00eene d’approvisionnement<\/span><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n
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Avec l’acc\u00e9l\u00e9ration de la transition des constructeurs automobiles vers des \u00e9nergies moins fossiles, la demande de cobalt a explos\u00e9, environ 43 % de la consommation mondiale \u00e9tant d\u00e9sormais li\u00e9e aux v\u00e9hicules \u00e9lectriques.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Cependant, ce sont les communaut\u00e9s o\u00f9 le minerai est extrait qui subissent de plein fouet les cons\u00e9quences de cette production \u00e0 grande \u00e9chelle.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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L’enqu\u00eate, men\u00e9e par\u00a0<\/span>EIA et le groupe de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile congolaise PremiCongo<\/span>\u00a0, se concentre sur la mine de Tenke Fungurume, o\u00f9 une importante usine de traitement est accus\u00e9e de rejeter du dioxyde de soufre (SO\u2082), un gaz toxique li\u00e9 \u00e0 des maladies respiratoires et \u00e0 la d\u00e9gradation de l’environnement.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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\u00ab Ce rapport met en lumi\u00e8re le co\u00fbt humain de la transition \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique mondiale et de l’essor des v\u00e9hicules \u00e9lectriques, alors que les constructeurs automobiles continuent de fermer les yeux sur leurs cha\u00eenes d’approvisionnement \u00bb, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 Christian Bwenda, coordinateur de PremiCongo.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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\u00ab Nous avons d\u00e9sormais des preuves solides de ce que les communaut\u00e9s savent depuis des ann\u00e9es : elles sont victimes de la croissance incontr\u00f4l\u00e9e de la mine de Tenke Fungurume. \u00bb<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Des pr\u00e9occupations similaires ont \u00e9merg\u00e9 \u00e0 travers l’Afrique, qu’il s’agisse des exploitations de cuivre en Zambie, de l’extraction de bauxite en Guin\u00e9e ou des projets de lithium au Zimbabwe, o\u00f9 des soci\u00e9t\u00e9s mini\u00e8res appartenant \u00e0 des Chinois ont \u00e9t\u00e9 accus\u00e9es de dommages environnementaux, de conditions de travail dangereuses et de d\u00e9placements de population.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Les constructeurs automobiles mondiaux confront\u00e9s \u00e0 des questions de responsabilit\u00e9 de la cha\u00eene d’approvisionnement<\/span><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n
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Le\u00a0<\/span>rapport<\/span>\u00a0, cit\u00e9 par\u00a0<\/span>The Africa Report<\/span><\/em>\u00a0, retrace le parcours du cobalt extrait de la mine de Tenke Fungurume, en passant par les fabricants de batteries, jusqu’aux v\u00e9hicules produits par de grandes marques mondiales, dont BMW, Mercedes-Benz, Stellantis et Volkswagen.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Aucune des entreprises cit\u00e9es n’a ni\u00e9 que le cobalt provenant de la mine puisse indirectement s’int\u00e9grer \u00e0 ses cha\u00eenes d’approvisionnement, selon le rapport.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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En r\u00e9action \u00e0 ces conclusions, Mercedes-Benz a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 avoir entam\u00e9 des discussions avec l’exploitant de la mine, tandis que BMW a indiqu\u00e9 enqu\u00eater sur tout indice de violations potentielles au sein de ses cha\u00eenes d’approvisionnement.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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De m\u00eame, Stellantis a confirm\u00e9 s’approvisionner en cobalt aupr\u00e8s de cette mine et a indiqu\u00e9 que des auditeurs tiers avaient pr\u00e9c\u00e9demment signal\u00e9 des \u00ab maladies graves li\u00e9es \u00e0 la pollution \u00bb \u00e0 proximit\u00e9 de l’usine de traitement.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Volkswagen n’avait cependant pas r\u00e9pondu aux demandes de commentaires au moment de la publication.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Des experts contestent les affirmations concernant la complexit\u00e9 de la cha\u00eene d’approvisionnement<\/span><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n
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N\u00e9anmoins, Alexander von Bismarck, directeur de l’EIA, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 que les risques sanitaires li\u00e9s \u00e0 la mine \u00e9taient importants.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Il a rejet\u00e9 les affirmations selon lesquelles les cha\u00eenes d’approvisionnement mondiales sont trop complexes pour \u00eatre trac\u00e9es, soulignant que la responsabilit\u00e9 finale incombe aux entreprises impliqu\u00e9es.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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\u00ab Si l\u2019on prend le cobalt comme exemple, la cha\u00eene d\u2019approvisionnement est en r\u00e9alit\u00e9 assez simple. \u00bb<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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\u00ab La majeure partie du cobalt mondial provient de cette r\u00e9gion de la R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo, et environ 50 % de la production mondiale provient de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 chinoise CMOC Group Limited \u00bb, a-t-il d\u00e9clar\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Il a ajout\u00e9 que les entreprises doivent assumer la responsabilit\u00e9 de leurs pratiques d’approvisionnement.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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\u00ab Soit les entreprises cessent de mentir, cessent de pr\u00e9tendre respecter les droits de l\u2019homme et les normes environnementales, soit elles doivent r\u00e9ellement s\u2019y conformer. \u00bb<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Il a \u00e9galement fait remarquer que le tra\u00e7age des cha\u00eenes d’approvisionnement n’est pas techniquement difficile pour les entreprises disposant de ressources importantes.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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\u00ab Ce que nous constatons semble relever davantage d\u2019une question de commodit\u00e9 que d\u2019une impossibilit\u00e9 technique \u00bb, a-t-il ajout\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Le rapport appelle les constructeurs automobiles \u00e0 suspendre leurs achats de cobalt li\u00e9s aux \u00e9missions de la mine de Tenke Fungurume jusqu’\u00e0 ce que l’exploitation puisse d\u00e9montrer sa conformit\u00e9 avec la l\u00e9gislation congolaise et les normes environnementales internationales.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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L’Afrique paie le prix fort dans la course mondiale aux min\u00e9raux critiques<\/span><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n
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Face \u00e0 la demande mondiale croissante en min\u00e9raux critiques, la R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo est devenue un point n\u00e9vralgique de la rivalit\u00e9 grandissante entre les \u00c9tats-Unis et la Chine, tandis que les pays africains et les communaut\u00e9s locales supportent les co\u00fbts environnementaux et sociaux de l’exploitation mini\u00e8re.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Les experts affirment que cela souligne l’urgence d’une responsabilisation accrue, incluant une juste indemnisation et une protection pour les communaut\u00e9s touch\u00e9es, afin de garantir que les ressources de l’Afrique profitent \u00e0 tous au lieu d’accro\u00eetre les in\u00e9galit\u00e9s.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/article>\n

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Un g\u00e9ant minier chinois est accus\u00e9 de polluer des communaut\u00e9s en R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo, pla\u00e7ant ainsi l’une des exploitations de cobalt les plus strat\u00e9giques d’Afrique au centre d’une controverse mondiale croissante li\u00e9e \u00e0 de grands constructeurs automobiles tels que BMW, Mercedes-Benz, Peugeot et Volkswagen. Le rapport, intitul\u00e9\u00a0Transition toxique\u00a0, all\u00e8gue qu’une exploitation de cobalt \u00e0 …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":45,"featured_media":379772,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[189118,47,197],"tags":[3844,203477,203476,25,203478],"class_list":["post-379771","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-a-la-une","category-afrique","category-politique","tag-bmw","tag-empoisonne-le-congo","tag-geant-minier-chinois","tag-mercedes","tag-peugeot-et-volkswagen"],"yoast_head":"\nUn g\u00e9ant minier chinois accus\u00e9 d'avoir empoisonn\u00e9 le Congo<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Un g\u00e9ant minier chinois accus\u00e9 d'avoir empoisonn\u00e9 le Congo\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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