{"id":379742,"date":"2026-03-21T17:31:11","date_gmt":"2026-03-21T17:31:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/afrikmag.com\/var\/www\/vhosts\/afrikmag.compublic_html\/?p=379742"},"modified":"2026-03-21T17:31:11","modified_gmt":"2026-03-21T17:31:11","slug":"expulsion-de-migrants-un-accord-de-40-millions-de-dollars-entre-les-etats-unis-et-lafrique-tourne-au-scandale","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/afrikmag.com\/var\/www\/vhosts\/afrikmag.compublic_html\/expulsion-de-migrants-un-accord-de-40-millions-de-dollars-entre-les-etats-unis-et-lafrique-tourne-au-scandale\/","title":{"rendered":"Expulsion de migrants : un accord de 40 millions de dollars entre les \u00c9tats-Unis et l’Afrique tourne au scandale"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Un accord secret de d\u00e9portation entre les \u00c9tats-Unis et plusieurs pays africains suscite des critiques croissantes apr\u00e8s que des dizaines de migrants, dont des demandeurs d’asile prot\u00e9g\u00e9s, ont \u00e9t\u00e9 achemin\u00e9s par avion vers la Guin\u00e9e \u00e9quatoriale et laiss\u00e9s en situation d’incertitude juridique.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Au c\u0153ur de la controverse se trouve un r\u00e9fugi\u00e9 est-africain de 28 ans qui pensait avoir obtenu la protection des \u00c9tats-Unis apr\u00e8s plus d’un an de d\u00e9tention. Bien que sa demande d’asile ait \u00e9t\u00e9 rejet\u00e9e, un juge de l’immigration californien a statu\u00e9 qu’il ne pouvait \u00eatre renvoy\u00e9 dans son pays d’origine en raison du risque de pr\u00e9judice.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Il affirme au contraire avoir \u00e9t\u00e9 plac\u00e9 sous contrainte et transport\u00e9 par avion en Guin\u00e9e \u00e9quatoriale, un petit \u00c9tat d’Afrique centrale riche en p\u00e9trole et dont le bilan en mati\u00e8re de droits de l’homme est d\u00e9plorable.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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\u00ab Il m\u2019a dit : \u201cVous \u00eates d\u00e9sormais prot\u00e9g\u00e9 par la loi am\u00e9ricaine, vous pouvez donc quitter le centre, travailler et rester dans ce pays\u201d \u00bb,<\/span><\/em>\u00a0se souvient l\u2019homme.\u00a0<\/span>\u00ab Mais les choses ne se sont pas pass\u00e9es ainsi. \u00bb<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Il fait partie des 29 migrants transf\u00e9r\u00e9s dans le pays dans le cadre de ce que les organisations de d\u00e9fense des droits humains qualifient d\u2019 accords de\u00a0<\/span>\u00ab d\u00e9portation vers un pays tiers \u00bb<\/span><\/em>\u00a0, des arrangements qui permettent aux autorit\u00e9s am\u00e9ricaines de transf\u00e9rer des individus vers des pays autres que le leur lorsque leur retour dans leur pays d\u2019origine est l\u00e9galement bloqu\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Les d\u00e9fenseurs des droits des d\u00e9tenus affirment que cette politique compromet les protections inscrites dans le droit am\u00e9ricain et international, notamment la Convention des Nations Unies contre la torture, qui interdit le renvoi d’individus vers des pays o\u00f9 ils sont confront\u00e9s \u00e0 des menaces graves.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Meredyth Yoon, directrice du contentieux chez Asian Americans Advancing Justice, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 que cette strat\u00e9gie contourne efficacement ces garde-fous.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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\u00ab Une fois expuls\u00e9es, ces personnes se retrouvent face \u00e0 des alternatives impossibles : la d\u00e9tention ind\u00e9finie sans acc\u00e8s \u00e0 un avocat, ou l\u2019expulsion forc\u00e9e vers les pays m\u00eames qu\u2019elles ont fui \u00bb,<\/span><\/em>\u00a0a-t-elle d\u00e9clar\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Les migrants envoy\u00e9s en Guin\u00e9e \u00e9quatoriale proviendraient de divers pays, dont l’\u00c9thiopie, l’\u00c9rythr\u00e9e, le Nig\u00e9ria, le Ghana et la G\u00e9orgie. Selon des avocats connaissant bien ces dossiers, nombre d’entre eux avaient obtenu des ordonnances judiciaires les emp\u00eachant d’\u00eatre renvoy\u00e9s dans leur pays d’origine.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Sept pays africains auraient conclu des accords similaires avec Washington, dont le Rwanda, l’Ouganda et le Cameroun, ce qui soul\u00e8ve des inqui\u00e9tudes plus g\u00e9n\u00e9rales quant au r\u00f4le croissant des \u00c9tats africains dans l’application des politiques migratoires mondiales.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Un programme am\u00e9ricain de 40 millions de dollars soul\u00e8ve des pr\u00e9occupations juridiques et diplomatiques \u00e0 travers l’Afrique<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n
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L’ampleur financi\u00e8re du programme a \u00e9galement suscit\u00e9 des interrogations. Selon une analyse du personnel d\u00e9mocrate de la commission des affaires \u00e9trang\u00e8res du S\u00e9nat am\u00e9ricain, au moins 40 millions de dollars ont \u00e9t\u00e9 allou\u00e9s \u00e0 l’expulsion d’environ 300 migrants vers des pays tiers.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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La Guin\u00e9e \u00e9quatoriale a re\u00e7u \u00e0 elle seule 7,5 millions de dollars, ce qui a suscit\u00e9 des critiques de la part des parlementaires am\u00e9ricains. La s\u00e9natrice Jeanne Shaheen a qualifi\u00e9 ce versement d\u2019\u00a0<\/span>\u00ab\u00a0extr\u00eamement inhabituel\u00a0\u00bb<\/span><\/em> et s\u2019est interrog\u00e9e sur sa coh\u00e9rence avec les priorit\u00e9s g\u00e9n\u00e9rales de l\u2019aide \u00e9trang\u00e8re.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Pour ceux qui sont sur le terrain, cependant, la situation est beaucoup plus imm\u00e9diate.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Ce r\u00e9fugi\u00e9 de 28 ans a d\u00e9crit sa d\u00e9tention dans un h\u00f4tel reconverti \u00e0 Malabo, la capitale du pays, dans des conditions qui, selon lui, se d\u00e9t\u00e9riorent.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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\u00ab C’est un vieil h\u00f4tel ferm\u00e9, et il n’y a plus d’autres clients \u00bb,<\/span><\/em>\u00a0a-t-il d\u00e9clar\u00e9.\u00a0<\/span>\u00ab La plupart d’entre nous avons \u00e9t\u00e9 malades \u00e0 cause de la nourriture. \u00bb<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Il a ajout\u00e9 que plusieurs d\u00e9tenus avaient \u00e9t\u00e9 hospitalis\u00e9s, notamment pour des cas de paludisme, tandis que l’acc\u00e8s aux soins m\u00e9dicaux restait limit\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Un accord secret de d\u00e9portation entre les \u00c9tats-Unis et plusieurs pays africains suscite des critiques croissantes apr\u00e8s que des dizaines de migrants, dont des demandeurs d’asile prot\u00e9g\u00e9s, ont \u00e9t\u00e9 achemin\u00e9s par avion vers la Guin\u00e9e \u00e9quatoriale et laiss\u00e9s en situation d’incertitude juridique. Au c\u0153ur de la controverse se trouve un r\u00e9fugi\u00e9 est-africain de 28 ans …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":45,"featured_media":379743,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[189118,47,46],"tags":[148700,202330,203467,202392],"class_list":["post-379742","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-a-la-une","category-afrique","category-usa","tag-40-millions-de-dollars","tag-accord-dexpulsion","tag-accord-etats-unis-afrique","tag-migrants-expulses"],"yoast_head":"\nExpulsion de migrants : un accord de 40 millions de dollars entre les \u00c9tats-Unis et l'Afrique tourne au scandale<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Expulsion de migrants : un accord de 40 millions de dollars entre les \u00c9tats-Unis et l'Afrique tourne au scandale\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, 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