{"id":373570,"date":"2025-06-26T09:57:46","date_gmt":"2025-06-26T09:57:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/afrikmag.com\/var\/www\/vhosts\/afrikmag.compublic_html\/?p=373570"},"modified":"2025-06-26T09:57:46","modified_gmt":"2025-06-26T09:57:46","slug":"10-pays-africains-les-plus-soumis-aux-sanctions-internationales","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/afrikmag.com\/var\/www\/vhosts\/afrikmag.compublic_html\/10-pays-africains-les-plus-soumis-aux-sanctions-internationales\/","title":{"rendered":"Les 10 pays africains les plus soumis aux sanctions internationales"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Les sanctions \u00e9conomiques sont utilis\u00e9es par les gouvernements et les multinationales pour influencer les acteurs \u00e9tatiques et non \u00e9tatiques, dissuadant ainsi les d\u00e9cisions qui menacent les int\u00e9r\u00eats mondiaux ou violent les normes internationales.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Les pays africains ont \u00e9t\u00e9 les plus touch\u00e9s par les sanctions combin\u00e9es des Nations Unies (ONU), de l\u2019Union europ\u00e9enne (UE) et des \u00c9tats-Unis, plus que tout autre continent, et ces sanctions ont \u00e9t\u00e9 utilis\u00e9es pour promouvoir une s\u00e9rie d\u2019objectifs de politique \u00e9trang\u00e8re.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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La plupart des sanctions impos\u00e9es aux pays africains comprennent des embargos sur les armes, des sanctions cibl\u00e9es contre des individus, des restrictions sur le commerce des produits de base qui soutiennent les combattants et des restrictions de voyage.<\/p>\n

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D\u2019autres mesures, comme le gel des avoirs, les sanctions contre les activit\u00e9s commerciales avec des individus ou des entreprises cibl\u00e9s et la restriction des investissements dans les r\u00e9gimes sanctionn\u00e9s, sont autant d\u2019instruments que les \u00c9tats-Unis utilisent avec une efficacit\u00e9 particuli\u00e8re.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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La crainte est que des sanctions de grande envergure puissent avoir des cons\u00e9quences de grande port\u00e9e, touchant des nations enti\u00e8res et affectant des citoyens innocents qui n\u2019ont aucun lien avec les dirigeants politiques ou les processus d\u00e9cisionnels.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Les citoyens ordinaires, y compris les populations vuln\u00e9rables, peuvent subir des cons\u00e9quences impr\u00e9vues, telles que des difficult\u00e9s \u00e9conomiques, en raison de sanctions visant \u00e0 cibler les parties coupables.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Un bon exemple est l\u2019embargo sur les armes impos\u00e9 \u00e0\u00a0la R\u00e9publique centrafricaine,\u00a0apr\u00e8s que les rebelles musulmans de la S\u00e9l\u00e9ka ont pris le pouvoir dans ce pays \u00e0 majorit\u00e9 chr\u00e9tienne en 2013. Cette action a \u00e9t\u00e9 fortement critiqu\u00e9e, le pays ayant c\u00e9d\u00e9 sous les attaques de groupes terroristes ext\u00e9rieurs, sans armes ad\u00e9quates pour prot\u00e9ger les citoyens innocents.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Le Zimbabwe a \u00e9galement d\u00e9plor\u00e9 r\u00e9cemment la perte de plus de 150 milliards de dollars due au gel des avoirs, \u00e0 la cessation du soutien des donateurs et au blocage des opportunit\u00e9s commerciales caus\u00e9s par les sanctions impos\u00e9es au pays depuis 2001 par les \u00c9tats-Unis et l\u2019Union europ\u00e9enne.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Les pays africains les plus sanctionn\u00e9s<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n
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Selon les donn\u00e9es du\u00a0Council on Foreign Relations\u00a0, voici 10 pays ou territoires africains o\u00f9 il existe des programmes de sanctions actifs en juin 2024.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Rang<\/th>\nPays<\/th>\nsanctions am\u00e9ricaines<\/th>\nSanctions de l’UE<\/th>\nSanctions de l’ONU<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
1<\/td>\nR\u00e9publique centrafricaine<\/td>\n\u2714<\/td>\n\u2714<\/td>\n\u2714<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\nCongo (RDC)<\/td>\n\u2714<\/td>\n\u2714<\/td>\n\u2714<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3<\/td>\nLibye<\/td>\n\u2714<\/td>\n\u2714<\/td>\n\u2714<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4<\/td>\nSomalie (al-Shabaab)<\/td>\n\u2714<\/td>\n\u2714<\/td>\n\u2714<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5<\/td>\nSoudan du Sud<\/td>\n\u2714<\/td>\n\u2714<\/td>\n\u2714<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
6<\/td>\nSoudan<\/td>\n\u2714<\/td>\n\u2714<\/td>\n\u2714<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
7<\/td>\nGuin\u00e9e<\/td>\n\u2714<\/td>\n\u2714<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
8<\/td>\nMali<\/td>\n\u2714<\/td>\n\u2714<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
9<\/td>\nZimbabwe<\/td>\n\u2714<\/td>\n\u2714<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
10<\/td>\nGuin\u00e9e-Bissau<\/td>\n<\/td>\n\u2714<\/td>\n\u2714<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
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Lors de son discours devant le sous-comit\u00e9 des relations \u00e9trang\u00e8res du S\u00e9nat am\u00e9ricain sur l’Afrique et la politique de sant\u00e9 mondiale,\u00a0<\/span>Princeton N. Lyman<\/span>\u00a0, conseiller principal du pr\u00e9sident \u00e0 l’Institut am\u00e9ricain pour la paix, a not\u00e9 que les organismes externes comme l’ONU, la plupart du temps, n’ont pas d’influence directe sur les sanctions qu’ils imposent aux nations africaines.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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\u00ab\u00a0<\/span>La plupart des sanctions de l’ONU en Afrique ont \u00e9t\u00e9 prises \u00e0 partir de recommandations et d’actions pr\u00e9alables de l’Union africaine (UA) ou d’un organisme sous-r\u00e9gional comme la Communaut\u00e9 \u00e9conomique des \u00c9tats de l’Afrique de l’Ouest (CEDEAO)<\/span><\/em>\u00a0\u00bb, a-t-il d\u00e9clar\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Une \u00e9crasante majorit\u00e9 \u2013 environ 95 % ou 41 sur 43 \u2013 des sanctions cibl\u00e9es impos\u00e9es aux pays africains ont en r\u00e9alit\u00e9 \u00e9t\u00e9 initi\u00e9es par les organisations r\u00e9gionales africaines elles-m\u00eames.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/article>\n

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Les sanctions \u00e9conomiques sont utilis\u00e9es par les gouvernements et les multinationales pour influencer les acteurs \u00e9tatiques et non \u00e9tatiques, dissuadant ainsi les d\u00e9cisions qui menacent les int\u00e9r\u00eats mondiaux ou violent les normes internationales. Les pays africains ont \u00e9t\u00e9 les plus touch\u00e9s par les sanctions combin\u00e9es des Nations Unies (ONU), de l\u2019Union europ\u00e9enne (UE) et des …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":45,"featured_media":373571,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[189118,47,197],"tags":[3656,10408],"class_list":["post-373570","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-a-la-une","category-afrique","category-politique","tag-pays-africains","tag-sanctions"],"yoast_head":"\nLes 10 pays africains les plus soumis aux sanctions internationales<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Les sanctions \u00e9conomiques sont utilis\u00e9es par les gouvernements et les multinationales pour influencer les acteurs \u00e9tatiques et non \u00e9tatiques\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, 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