{"id":362780,"date":"2023-12-15T10:38:57","date_gmt":"2023-12-15T10:38:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/afrikmag.com\/var\/www\/vhosts\/afrikmag.compublic_html\/?p=362780"},"modified":"2023-12-15T10:38:57","modified_gmt":"2023-12-15T10:38:57","slug":"5-grandes-economies-africaines-touchees-par-la-reduction-progressive-des-energies-fossiles","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/afrikmag.com\/var\/www\/vhosts\/afrikmag.compublic_html\/5-grandes-economies-africaines-touchees-par-la-reduction-progressive-des-energies-fossiles\/","title":{"rendered":"5 grandes \u00e9conomies africaines touch\u00e9es par la r\u00e9duction progressive des \u00e9nergies fossiles"},"content":{"rendered":"

La Terre est devenue plus chaude, tout comme les discussions visant \u00e0 limiter le r\u00e9chauffement climatique.\u00a0<\/span>Au cours des derni\u00e8res semaines de l\u2019ann\u00e9e la plus chaude jamais enregistr\u00e9e, l\u2019organisme mondial charg\u00e9 d\u2019att\u00e9nuer l\u2019impact du changement climatique a exhort\u00e9 les nations \u00e0 abandonner les combustibles fossiles.<\/span><\/p>\n

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M\u00eame si le r\u00e9sultat ne r\u00e9pond peut-\u00eatre pas pleinement aux aspirations de nombreux pays qui r\u00e9clament une directive claire sur l\u2019\u00e9limination progressive des combustibles fossiles, il marque un d\u00e9veloppement historique.\u00a0Pour la premi\u00e8re fois, il y a eu une d\u00e9claration visant \u00e0 abandonner le p\u00e9trole et le gaz, les carburants fondamentaux qui ont aliment\u00e9 l’\u00e9conomie mondiale pendant des d\u00e9cennies et qui ont largement contribu\u00e9 au changement rapide du climat de la Terre.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Cette \u00e9volution signifie que les pays dont l\u2019\u00e9conomie d\u00e9pend des combustibles fossiles doivent envisager la diversification pour que leur \u00e9conomie reste dynamique.\u00a0Ne pas le faire les expose au risque d\u2019une r\u00e9duction des investissements et d\u2019un r\u00e9tr\u00e9cissement du march\u00e9 pour leurs produits fossiles.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

De nombreux pays africains appartiennent \u00e0 ce groupe et pourraient voir moins d\u2019argent provenant du p\u00e9trole \u00e0 l\u2019avenir.\u00a0Cela ne manquera pas d’affecter intens\u00e9ment de nombreuses \u00e9conomies du continent d\u00e9j\u00e0 prises dans le pi\u00e8ge d’\u00a0une lourde dette\u00a0et\u00a0d’une diminution des revenus.<\/p>\n

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Cependant, les pays africains affirment qu\u2019ils ont le droit d\u2019exploiter leurs ressources naturelles et leur progr\u00e8s, tout comme les pays plus riches.\u00a0N\u00e9anmoins, cette approche n\u2019est pas viable, notamment du point de vue des investissements.\u00a0S\u2019engager dans la production de produits fossiles ou investir dans des projets sans march\u00e9 viable pr\u00e9sente des risques importants.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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L’OPEP estime que la demande de p\u00e9trole atteindra\u00a0116 millions de barils par jour (b\/j) d’ici 2045, contre 102 millions de b\/j aujourd’hui.\u00a0En revanche, l\u2019Agence internationale de l\u2019\u00e9nergie, qui repr\u00e9sente les consommateurs d\u2019\u00e9nergie industrialis\u00e9s, pr\u00e9voit que la demande de p\u00e9trole diminuera \u00e0 93 millions de b\/j d\u2019ici 2030 et \u00e0 55 millions de b\/j d\u2019ici 2050.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Si plusieurs \u00e9conomies p\u00e9troli\u00e8res du continent seraient touch\u00e9es, certaines souffriraient davantage.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Vous trouverez ci-dessous cinq grandes \u00e9conomies africaines qui pourraient \u00eatre fortement affect\u00e9es par la r\u00e9duction progressive des combustibles fossiles\u00a0:<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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1.Nigeria<\/h3>\n
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Le Nigeria est le principal producteur de p\u00e9trole d’Afrique.\u00a0Elle joue un r\u00f4le central dans l’\u00e9conomie du Nigeria, contribuant de mani\u00e8re significative aux recettes publiques et aux recettes en devises.\u00a0Le pays d\u00e9pend fortement des exportations de p\u00e9trole pour soutenir son budget, ce qui le rend vuln\u00e9rable aux fluctuations des prix mondiaux du p\u00e9trole.\u00a0Le p\u00e9trole repr\u00e9sente 90 pour cent de ses recettes en devises et finance 80 pour cent des recettes totales du gouvernement.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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2.Libye<\/span><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
En tant que l’un des principaux producteurs de p\u00e9trole d’Afrique, l’\u00e9conomie de la Libye est profond\u00e9ment li\u00e9e \u00e0 l’industrie des combustibles fossiles.\u00a0<\/span>Un abandon du p\u00e9trole et du gaz entra\u00eenerait probablement une diminution de la demande et des investissements dans les principales exportations de la Libye, ce qui aurait un impact sur sa stabilit\u00e9 \u00e9conomique.\u00a0<\/span>Le PIB r\u00e9el par habitant de la Libye est parmi les plus \u00e9lev\u00e9s d’Afrique en raison de ses vastes r\u00e9serves de p\u00e9trole et de gaz.\u00a0<\/span>Les hydrocarbures repr\u00e9sentent environ 95 pour cent des exportations et des recettes publiques.<\/span><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
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3.Angola<\/span><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n
\n

L’Angola est le troisi\u00e8me producteur de p\u00e9trole d’Afrique et son \u00e9conomie d\u00e9pend fortement de son industrie p\u00e9troli\u00e8re et gazi\u00e8re.\u00a0Les produits p\u00e9troliers et gaziers repr\u00e9sentent plus de 90 pour cent de ses exportations.\u00a0Les exportations de p\u00e9trole brut repr\u00e9sentaient \u00e0 elles seules 39,94 milliards de dollars en 2022, soit une augmentation de 44 % par rapport \u00e0 2021.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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4.Alg\u00e9rie<\/h3>\n
\n

Les revenus p\u00e9troliers constituent la principale source de revenus du pays et repr\u00e9sentent pr\u00e8s de 25 pour cent du PIB.\u00a0L\u2019Alg\u00e9rie est essentiellement d\u00e9pendante de l\u2019industrie des hydrocarbures, et en m\u00eame temps vuln\u00e9rable \u00e0 la volatilit\u00e9 du march\u00e9 p\u00e9trolier.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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5.Egypte<\/span><\/h3>\n

Disposant d\u2019importantes r\u00e9serves de ces deux ressources, l\u2019\u00c9gypte est depuis longtemps un acteur de premier plan dans le secteur p\u00e9trolier et gazier.\u00a0<\/span>L’industrie p\u00e9troli\u00e8re et gazi\u00e8re du pays repr\u00e9sente environ 15 % du PIB du pays et 31 % des investissements directs \u00e9trangers (IDE).<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

La Terre est devenue plus chaude, tout comme les discussions visant \u00e0 limiter le r\u00e9chauffement climatique.\u00a0Au cours des derni\u00e8res semaines de l\u2019ann\u00e9e la plus chaude jamais enregistr\u00e9e, l\u2019organisme mondial charg\u00e9 d\u2019att\u00e9nuer l\u2019impact du changement climatique a exhort\u00e9 les nations \u00e0 abandonner les combustibles fossiles. M\u00eame si le r\u00e9sultat ne r\u00e9pond peut-\u00eatre pas pleinement aux aspirations …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":45,"featured_media":362781,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"image","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[189118,47],"tags":[1879,3242,199278,6479],"class_list":["post-362780","post","type-post","status-publish","format-image","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-a-la-une","category-afrique","tag-algerie","tag-angola","tag-energies-fossiles","tag-libye","post_format-post-format-image"],"yoast_head":"\n5 grandes \u00e9conomies africaines touch\u00e9es par la r\u00e9duction progressive des \u00e9nergies fossiles - AfrikMag<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/afrikmag.com\/var\/www\/vhosts\/afrikmag.compublic_html\/5-grandes-economies-africaines-touchees-par-la-reduction-progressive-des-energies-fossiles\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"5 grandes \u00e9conomies africaines touch\u00e9es par la r\u00e9duction progressive des \u00e9nergies fossiles - AfrikMag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"La Terre est devenue plus chaude, tout comme les discussions visant \u00e0 limiter le r\u00e9chauffement climatique.\u00a0Au cours des derni\u00e8res semaines de l\u2019ann\u00e9e la plus chaude jamais enregistr\u00e9e, l\u2019organisme mondial charg\u00e9 d\u2019att\u00e9nuer l\u2019impact du changement climatique a exhort\u00e9 les nations \u00e0 abandonner les combustibles fossiles. 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