{"id":298134,"date":"2021-10-14T14:00:52","date_gmt":"2021-10-14T14:00:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/afrikmag.com\/var\/www\/vhosts\/afrikmag.compublic_html\/?p=298134"},"modified":"2021-10-14T14:01:20","modified_gmt":"2021-10-14T14:01:20","slug":"loms-hommage-henrietta-lacks-noire-cellules-utiliss","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/afrikmag.com\/var\/www\/vhosts\/afrikmag.compublic_html\/loms-hommage-henrietta-lacks-noire-cellules-utiliss\/","title":{"rendered":"Henrietta Lacks\/ Hommage de l’OMS \u00e0 une Noire dont les cellules ont \u00e9t\u00e9 utilis\u00e9es dans la recherche sur les vaccins"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

L’Organisation mondiale de la sant\u00e9 (OMS) a honor\u00e9 Henrietta Lacks, reconnaissant l’h\u00e9ritage mondial de la femme noire dont les cellules canc\u00e9reuses ont \u00e9t\u00e9 pr\u00e9lev\u00e9es sans son consentement, et a fourni la base de perc\u00e9es m\u00e9dicales qui changent la vie.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

En 1951, Henrietta Lacks, une m\u00e8re noire de cinq enfants qui mourait d’un cancer du col de l’ut\u00e9rus, s’est rendue \u00e0 l’h\u00f4pital Johns Hopkins de Baltimore pour se faire soigner.  \u00c0 son insu ou sans son consentement, les m\u00e9decins ont pr\u00e9lev\u00e9 un \u00e9chantillon de cellules de la tumeur du col de l’ut\u00e9rus.  Ils ont donn\u00e9 l’\u00e9chantillon \u00e0 un chercheur de l’Universit\u00e9 Johns Hopkins qui essayait de trouver des cellules qui survivraient ind\u00e9finiment afin que les chercheurs puissent exp\u00e9rimenter sur elles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La proc\u00e9dure invasive a conduit \u00e0 une d\u00e9couverte qui a chang\u00e9 le monde : les cellules sont devenues la premi\u00e8re lign\u00e9e immortelle de cellules humaines \u00e0 se diviser ind\u00e9finiment alors qu’elles prosp\u00e9raient et se multipliaient en laboratoire, ce qu’aucune cellule humaine n’avait fait auparavant.  Ils ont \u00e9t\u00e9 reproduits des milliards de fois, ont contribu\u00e9 \u00e0 pr\u00e8s de 75 000 \u00e9tudes et ont contribu\u00e9 \u00e0 ouvrir la voie au vaccin contre le VPH, des m\u00e9dicaments utilis\u00e9s pour aider les patients atteints du VIH et le sida et, r\u00e9cemment, le d\u00e9veloppement de vaccins contre le Covid-19.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La lign\u00e9e cellulaire HeLa a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9velopp\u00e9e \u00e0 partir de sa tumeur et les cellules ont \u00e9t\u00e9 produites en masse, \u00e0 but lucratif, sans reconnaissance pour sa famille qui n’a d\u00e9couvert qu’elles avaient \u00e9t\u00e9 utilis\u00e9es pour la science que dans les ann\u00e9es 1970.  Sa vie et son h\u00e9ritage ont \u00e9t\u00e9 document\u00e9s dans le livre La vie immortelle d’Henrietta Lacks de Rebecca Skloot, qui a ensuite \u00e9t\u00e9 adapt\u00e9 au cin\u00e9ma.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En plus des vaccins contre le VPH et la polio, les cellules ont permis le d\u00e9veloppement de m\u00e9dicaments contre le VIH\/SIDA, l’h\u00e9mophilie, la leuc\u00e9mie et la maladie de Parkinson ;  des perc\u00e9es dans le domaine de la sant\u00e9 reproductive, y compris la f\u00e9condation in vitro;  la recherche sur les maladies chromosomiques, le cancer, la cartographie g\u00e9n\u00e9tique et la m\u00e9decine de pr\u00e9cision.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Plus t\u00f4t ce mois-ci, la succession de Lacks a intent\u00e9 une action en justice contre une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 pharmaceutique qui avait utilis\u00e9 la lign\u00e9e cellulaire HeLa.  L’action a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 que la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 avait fait un \u00ab\u00a0choix conscient\u00a0\u00bb de produire en masse les cellules et de profiter d’un \u00ab\u00a0syst\u00e8me m\u00e9dical racialement injuste\u00a0\u00bb, a rapport\u00e9 l’agence de presse Reuters. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Plus de 50 000 000 de tonnes m\u00e9triques de cellules HeLa ont \u00e9t\u00e9 distribu\u00e9es dans le monde depuis qu’elles ont \u00e9t\u00e9 pr\u00e9lev\u00e9es sur Lacks, selon l’OMS.  En hommage \u00e0 Henrietta Lacks, l’OMS a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 qu’elle voulait rem\u00e9dier \u00e0 un \u00ab tort historique \u00bb, notant que la communaut\u00e9 scientifique mondiale avait autrefois cach\u00e9 son origine ethnique et sa v\u00e9ritable histoire.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le directeur g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de l’OMS, Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00ab L’OMS reconna\u00eet l’importance de tenir compte des injustices scientifiques du pass\u00e9 et de faire progresser l’\u00e9quit\u00e9 raciale dans les domaines de la sant\u00e9 et de la science.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

C’est aussi l’occasion de reconna\u00eetre les femmes – en particulier les femmes de couleur – qui ont apport\u00e9 des contributions incroyables mais souvent invisibles \u00e0 la science m\u00e9dicale.\u00a0\u00bb<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tedros a not\u00e9 que les Noirs comme Henrietta Lacks souffraient de discrimination raciale dans les soins de sant\u00e9 et que le probl\u00e8me persistait aujourd’hui dans de nombreuses r\u00e9gions du monde.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Il ajouta: \u00ab Henrietta Lacks a \u00e9t\u00e9 exploit\u00e9e.  Elle est l’une des nombreuses femmes de couleur dont les corps ont \u00e9t\u00e9 maltrait\u00e9s par la science. Elle a fait confiance au syst\u00e8me de sant\u00e9 pour pouvoir se faire soigner.  Mais le syst\u00e8me lui a pris quelque chose \u00e0 son insu ou sans son consentement.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le fils a\u00een\u00e9 d’Henrietta, Lawrence Lacks, 87 ans, a re\u00e7u le prix de l’OMS \u00e0 son si\u00e8ge \u00e0 Gen\u00e8ve.  Il \u00e9tait accompagn\u00e9 de plusieurs de ses petits-enfants, arri\u00e8re-petits-enfants et d’autres membres de sa famille.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Il a dit:\u00ab Nous sommes \u00e9mus de recevoir cette reconnaissance historique de ma m\u00e8re, Henrietta Lacks \u2013 honorant qui elle \u00e9tait en tant que femme remarquable et l’impact durable de ses cellules HeLa.  Les contributions de ma m\u00e8re, autrefois cach\u00e9es, sont maintenant honor\u00e9es \u00e0 juste titre pour leur impact mondial. Ma m\u00e8re \u00e9tait une pionni\u00e8re dans la vie, redonnant \u00e0 sa communaut\u00e9, aidant les autres \u00e0 vivre une vie meilleure et prenant soin des autres.  Dans la mort, elle continue d’aider le monde.  Son h\u00e9ritage vit en nous et nous vous remercions d’avoir prononc\u00e9 son nom \u2013 Henrietta Lacks. \u00bb<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les descendants de Mme Lacks ont exprim\u00e9 leur fiert\u00e9 de ce que ses cellules ont accompli, mais aussi leur col\u00e8re face \u00e0 la fa\u00e7on dont elle a \u00e9t\u00e9 trait\u00e9e par les m\u00e9decins.\u00a0\u00a0Cette fureur n’a \u00e9t\u00e9 aggrav\u00e9e<\/a> que par la commercialisation de ses cellules.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le Dr George Gey, qui a \u00e9tudi\u00e9 les tissus de Mme Lacks, n’a pas non plus profit\u00e9 de ses recherches.\u00a0\u00a0Mais au fil des d\u00e9cennies, les soci\u00e9t\u00e9s de biotechnologie ont commercialis\u00e9 les cellules, les ont vendues et n’ont jamais accord\u00e9 de compensation \u00e0 la famille de Mme Lacks.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

L’Organisation mondiale de la sant\u00e9 (OMS) a honor\u00e9 Henrietta Lacks, reconnaissant l’h\u00e9ritage mondial de la femme noire dont les cellules canc\u00e9reuses ont \u00e9t\u00e9 pr\u00e9lev\u00e9es sans son consentement, et a fourni la base de perc\u00e9es m\u00e9dicales qui changent la vie. En 1951, Henrietta Lacks, une m\u00e8re noire de cinq enfants qui mourait d’un cancer du col …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":37,"featured_media":298143,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[189118,119,7020],"tags":[14753,4453,194181,3063,12946],"class_list":["post-298134","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-a-la-une","category-divers","category-societe","tag-cellules","tag-femme-noire","tag-henrietta-lacks","tag-oms","tag-vaccins"],"yoast_head":"\nHenrietta Lacks\/ Hommage de l'OMS \u00e0 une Noire dont les cellules ont \u00e9t\u00e9 utilis\u00e9es dans la recherche sur les vaccins<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"l'OMS a honor\u00e9 Henrietta Lacks, reconnaissant son h\u00e9ritage mondial dont les cellules canc\u00e9reuses ont fourni la base de perc\u00e9es m\u00e9dicales\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" 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