{"id":246342,"date":"2020-12-20T12:54:39","date_gmt":"2020-12-20T12:54:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/afrikmag.com\/var\/www\/vhosts\/afrikmag.compublic_html\/?p=246342"},"modified":"2020-12-20T12:54:46","modified_gmt":"2020-12-20T12:54:46","slug":"le-malawi-nomme-pays-de-lannee-selon-the-economist","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/afrikmag.com\/var\/www\/vhosts\/afrikmag.compublic_html\/le-malawi-nomme-pays-de-lannee-selon-the-economist\/","title":{"rendered":"Le Malawi nomm\u00e9 pays de l\u2019ann\u00e9e selon The Economist"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le Malawi a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9sign\u00e9 comme le pays de l\u2019ann\u00e9e par le journal The Economist pour avoir \u00ab relanc\u00e9 la d\u00e9mocratie dans un r\u00e9gime autoritaire \u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le journal bas\u00e9 \u00e0 Londres, qui op\u00e8re dans plus de 80 pays, a cit\u00e9 l\u2019annulation du r\u00e9sultat de l\u2019\u00e9lection pr\u00e9sidentielle du pays et le transfert pacifique du pouvoir qui a suivi comme les meilleurs exemples de la mani\u00e8re dont la d\u00e9mocratie devrait \u00eatre g\u00e9r\u00e9e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En mai 2019, la Cour constitutionnelle du Malawi a annul\u00e9 l\u2019\u00e9lection pr\u00e9sidentielle qui avait d\u00e9clar\u00e9 Peter Mutharika vainqueur et a ordonn\u00e9 une nouvelle campagne \u00e9lectorale en invoquant des irr\u00e9gularit\u00e9s de vote. \u00ab Il est presque impossible d\u2019avoir une \u00e9lection sans irr\u00e9gularit\u00e9s \u00bb, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 le juge Healey Potani, qui dirigeait le panel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00ab Cependant, dans le cas pr\u00e9sent, nous constatons que les anomalies et les irr\u00e9gularit\u00e9s ont \u00e9t\u00e9 si r\u00e9pandues, syst\u00e9matiques et graves que l\u2019int\u00e9grit\u00e9 du r\u00e9sultat a \u00e9t\u00e9 s\u00e9rieusement compromise, ce dernier ne pouvant \u00eatre consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme la volont\u00e9 des \u00e9lecteurs de l\u2019\u00e9lection du 21 mai 2019. \u00bb<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Lors de la nouvelle \u00e9lection, le pr\u00e9sident Mutharika a \u00e9t\u00e9 battu par le pr\u00e9sident Lazarus Chakwera avec 58 % des voix. \u00ab Lorsque Peter Mutharika, le pr\u00e9sident sortant, a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9clar\u00e9 vainqueur de l\u2019\u00e9lection pr\u00e9sidentielle du Malawi en mai 2019, cela a sembl\u00e9 \u00eatre un cas d\u2019\u00e9cole de truquage. Les bulletins de vote avaient \u00e9t\u00e9 alt\u00e9r\u00e9s avec du Tipp-Ex, un liquide correcteur. Les observateurs internationaux ne se sont plaints qu\u2019\u00e0 moiti\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00ab Mais la r\u00e9action des Malawites ne s\u2019est pas fait attendre. Les militants ont organis\u00e9 des manifestations pacifiques. Les partis d\u2019opposition se sont adress\u00e9s \u00e0 la Cour constitutionnelle. En f\u00e9vrier, ses juges, apparemment apr\u00e8s avoir refus\u00e9 des pots-de-vin, ont accord\u00e9 une nouvelle audience, qui a eu lieu le 23 juin \u00bb, \u00e9crit le journal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Economist explique \u00e9galement qu\u2019\u00ab il existe un plan pour les pr\u00e9sidents d\u00e9sireux de truquer les \u00e9lections. Tout d\u2019abord, utilisez les ressources de l\u2019\u00c9tat pour corrompre, tromper et intimider les citoyens avant le scrutin. Une fois le vote commenc\u00e9, bourrez les urnes ou falsifiez les comptes. Ensuite, assurez-vous que l\u2019arm\u00e9e et les juges sont de votre c\u00f4t\u00e9 au cas o\u00f9 les opposants porteraient leur affaire dans la rue ou devant les tribunaux. \u00bb<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Selon le journal, ce n\u2019\u00e9tait pas la premi\u00e8re fois que les Malawites se battaient pour la d\u00e9mocratie, rappelant une manifestation de masse en 2012 lorsque les \u00e9lites du parti au pouvoir ont tent\u00e9 de contourner la constitution pour emp\u00eacher la vice-pr\u00e9sidente de l\u2019\u00e9poque, Joyce Banda, d\u2019exercer ses fonctions de pr\u00e9sidente.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00ab En 2002, un pr\u00e9sident est mort, sa mort a \u00e9t\u00e9 couverte et son corps a \u00e9t\u00e9 transport\u00e9 en Afrique du Sud pour un \u00ab traitement m\u00e9dical \u00bb, afin de gagner du temps pour que son fr\u00e8re puisse prendre la rel\u00e8ve. Ce fr\u00e8re, Peter Mutharika, n\u2019a pas r\u00e9ussi \u00e0 prendre le pouvoir, mais a \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9lu deux ans plus tard et \u00e9tait candidat \u00e0 sa propre r\u00e9\u00e9lection \u00bb, selon The Economist.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Outre l\u2019annulation des r\u00e9sultats de l\u2019\u00e9lection pr\u00e9sidentielle du pays, le rapport note \u00e9galement que la nation d\u2019Afrique australe est le seul endroit o\u00f9 la d\u00e9mocratie et le respect des droits de l\u2019homme se sont am\u00e9lior\u00e9s depuis le d\u00e9but de la pand\u00e9mie de coronavirus.<br>\u00ab Le Malawi est toujours pauvre, mais ses habitants sont des citoyens, pas des sujets. Pour avoir relanc\u00e9 la d\u00e9mocratie dans une r\u00e9gion autoritaire, c\u2019est notre pays de l\u2019ann\u00e9e \u00bb, dit-il.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00c0 l\u2019approche des \u00e9lections de 2019, le Malawi a criminalis\u00e9 l\u2019aide aux votes. La plupart des candidats politiques profitent de la p\u00e9riode de campagne \u00e9lectorale pour verser beaucoup d\u2019argent et de cadeaux \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9lectorat afin d\u2019influencer leurs d\u00e9cisions en leur faveur ou contre leurs adversaires. De nombreux pays africains ont essay\u00e9 d\u2019enrayer cette habitude, mais seuls quelques-uns ont r\u00e9ussi \u00e0 faire passer une loi pour criminaliser cette pratique.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le Malawi a adopt\u00e9 la loi sur les partis politiques qui est entr\u00e9e en vigueur le 1er d\u00e9cembre 2018. Cette loi interdit aux hommes politiques d\u2019utiliser des paiements en esp\u00e8ces et d\u2019autres incitations pour obtenir un soutien avant les \u00e9lections de 2019. Elle stipule que tout contrevenant \u00e0 la loi devra payer jusqu\u2019\u00e0 10 millions de kwachas (13 088 dollars) ou passer cinq ans en prison.<br><br>cr\u00e9dit photo: tostvnetwork<br><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Le Malawi a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9sign\u00e9 comme le pays de l\u2019ann\u00e9e par le journal The Economist pour avoir \u00ab relanc\u00e9 la d\u00e9mocratie dans un r\u00e9gime autoritaire \u00bb. Le journal bas\u00e9 \u00e0 Londres, qui op\u00e8re dans plus de 80 pays, a cit\u00e9 l\u2019annulation du r\u00e9sultat de l\u2019\u00e9lection pr\u00e9sidentielle du pays et le transfert pacifique du pouvoir qui &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":63,"featured_media":246349,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[189118,47],"tags":[5291,58540,58541],"class_list":["post-246342","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-a-la-une","category-afrique","tag-malawi","tag-pays-de-lannee","tag-the-economist"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Le Malawi nomm\u00e9 pays de l\u2019ann\u00e9e selon The Economist<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Le Malawi a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9sign\u00e9 comme le pays de l\u2019ann\u00e9e par 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